Internet/World Wide Web/Bluetooth/Wi-Fi
What is Internet? Who founded/created it, when and why? How was it originally used and how it is used today?
The internet is a global network of interconnected computer networks that use standardized communication protocols to link devices worldwide. It is a vast and decentralized system that enables the exchange of information, data and communication.
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| Sir Tim Berners-Lee |
The development of the internet was a gradual process, and it doesn't have a single inventor or a specific invention date. It developed through contributions of numerous individuals and advancements in technology. However, it all began in 1960s. J.C. Licklider proposed the idea of a universal network while working at Bolt Beranek & Newman and, later, leading the Information processing Techniques Office(IPTO) at the Advanced Research Projects Agency(ARPA) of the United States Department of Defense(DoD). He's also recognized as the 'father of the internet'.
ARPANET was the first network to use packet-switching technique and laid the groundwork for the modern internet. Initially in late 1960s the ARPANET was interconnected between only two network nodes i.e. the University of California, Los Angeles(UCLA) and SRI International(SRI).Today, the internet has continued to evolve with the development of broadband technologies, mobile internet, social media platforms, and various online services. The internet has undergone tremendous changes, moving from a relatively simple information-sharing platform to a complex and multifaceted ecosystem.
What is World Wide Web? Who founded/created it, when and why? How was it used originally and how it is used today?
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The World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext documents and multimedia content that is accessed via the internet using web browsers. It is a major component of the internet, allowing users to access and share information through websites and web pages.
It was invented by Sir Tim Berners Lee, a British computer scientist and it became the world's first web browser/server while at CERN in 1989 and was opened to public in 1991. World Wide Web was conceived as a 'universal linked information system'. The World Wide web was created with the primary goal of facilitating information sharing and collaboration among scientists and researchers at CERN.
Originally it was created at CERN to facilitate collaboration among scientists. Researchers could share documents, data, and information more efficiently using interconnected hypertext documents. Currently, WWW has become a dynamic platform that permeates various platforms of modern life, including communication, commerce, education, entertainment, and collaboration. It's transformation has shaped the digital landscape over the years.
Are they same, different, do they work together, separate, side by side?
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Internet and WWW are related but not the same. The internet could exist without Web, but the Web can't exist without the Internet. In simple terms, the Internet is the physical infrastructure on which services like Web, Email, mobile apps, and FTP runs. For example, if internet id a book-store then Web can be viewed as collection of books on that store. At some advanced level, to understand we can think Internet as hardware and WWW as the software. Internet uses Ip address whereas, WWW uses HTTP.
When was the first website created, who created it, is it still up?
The world's first website, which contained information about World Wide Web itself, was created by Tim Berners-Lee and published 30years ago in 1990. It's worth mentioning that the first website was lost. Excited by the progress and unable to fathom the true scope of the web's abilities, computer scientists didn't archive many of the very first websites.
But it's back now, the original URL of the World's First Website was restored for us to explore.
What is the connection of Hedy Lamarr to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, who was she, is there a song about her, if so-why?
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| Hedy Lamarr |
The head inventor of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wasn't a scientist or engineer, but a famous Hollywood actress Hedy Lamarr. She was not only known for her acting but also for her contributions to technology. While Lammar's frequency-hopping invention was not immediately implemented, it laid the groundwork for later developments in wireless communication. Today, her work is recognized as an essential contribution to the development of technologies like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and other spread spectrum communications systems.
"This song for Miss Hedy Lamarr" is a song released as a single lead single from the collaborative studio album 18(2022). This song was by English rock guitarist Jeff Back and American actor, producer and musician Johnny Depp.
The Bluetooth has a historical and Norse mythology roots. It was named after Harald 'Bluetooth' Gormsson, a 10-th century Danish King who united Denmark and parts of Norway. The Bluetooth technology was developed by a Ericsson, a Swedish communications company, in the 1990s. The initial development of Bluetooth was done by a team of engineers at Ericsson, primarily led by Dr. Jaap Haartsen and Dr. Sven Mattison.
The Bluetooth logo, which resembles the initials 'H' and 'B' overlaid in Nordic bind rune style, is another nod to the historical inspiration behind the name. It merges the initials of King Herald's 'Bluetooth' Gormsson in a unique design. The choice of this logo is symbolic, representing the idea of unification and connection between diverse devices, much like King Bluetooth's role in uniting people.
Who and When Developed Wi-Fi, original name of Wi-Fi, when and how was it named?
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The term 'Wi-Fi' was not an original name but rather a branding initiative by the Wi-Fi Alliance, a non-profit organization that promotes and certifies Wi-Fi Technology. The original name of the technology referred to the IEEE 802.11 standard. The name Wi-Fi does not stand for anything Specific. Initially, it was thought to be an abbreviation for 'Wireless Fidelity', but Wi-Fi Alliance representatives have clarifies that it is not an acronym. The term was coined to evoke associations with 'Hi-Fi'(High Fidelity), suggesting a high-quality wireless connection. The goal was to create a recognizable and marketable name that would help consumers identify products adhering to the IEEE 802.11b standard, which was one of the early wireless networking standards.
The original version of the standard IEEE 802.11 was released in 1997 and clarified in 1999, but is now obsolete. The branding effort successfully turned a technical specification into a household term that has become synonymous with wireless networking.
Citation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-internet-and-www/
https://www.wunc.org/2021-08-06/a-look-back-at-the-very-first-website-ever-launched-30-years-later
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Is_a_Song_for_Miss_Hedy_Lamarr
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi
https://www.bluetooth.com/about-us/bluetooth-origin/
https://www.cablefree.net/wireless-technology/history-of-wifi-technology/
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